Types of gas boilers
There are two main options for gas boilers:
- Single-circuit;
- Dual-circuit.
Single-circuit gas heating boilers are designed only for heating coolant water in the heating system, without having an additional heat exchanger for heating water in hot water supply systems. There is both a wall-mounted single-circuit gas heating boiler and a floor-standing one.
Double-circuit, on the contrary, have two heating circuits in their design, one of them works for heating the house, and the second for heating water in the hot water supply system.
A double-circuit boiler is a more functional device, but a single-circuit boiler is not inferior in popularity due to its simplicity of design and reliability.
heating circuit
Operating principle of a double-circuit boiler. Heating
The operating diagram of the device is quite simple, based on heating the coolant using a heat exchange element installed in the combustion chamber. Regulated by an automatic control unit.
The system knows that the room needs to be heated through a room temperature sensor. When the indicator decreases, a signal from the sensor is sent to the system. The circulation pump is switched on and begins to drain water from the return pipe, thereby forming an area of low pressure in the system. At the same time, the heated coolant begins to flow into the pipes, replacing the lack of water and compensating for the rarefied pressure.
If the liquid in the heat exchanger needs to be heated, the burner turns on automatically. It is located in the combustion chamber below. Above it is a heat exchanger made of copper pipes. The chamber itself is well insulated. Simultaneously with the burner turning on, the pump starts working, which is responsible for the movement of liquid through the pipes of the heating device.
When the water in the system has warmed up to a certain level, temperature sensors send a signal to reduce the active functioning of the burner. The gas supply is reduced automatically and the boiler remains in standby mode.
When the temperature drops again, the automatic control will again give a signal to open the fuel supply valve. The unit will resume heating the premises.
You should know that the coolant moves in a closed circuit, so no deposits form there. The situation is different with a small contour circle, in which water is constantly replenished due to inflow from the water supply system. Such water contains a certain percentage of impurities that settle in the system pipes. In this case, it is recommended to install water purification filters.
The principle of operation of a single-circuit gas boiler
The operation of a single-circuit gas heating boiler is simple - water enters a heat exchanger, which is heated by gas combustion. A circulation pump is built into the boiler design, which circulates heated water through the heating system pipeline to the radiators.
Despite the fact that initially a single-circuit boiler is not intended to provide water to a hot water supply system, this function is supported - an additional element is built into the heating system - a boiler for storing hot water.
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Modern designs of single-circuit heating boilers are equipped with a built-in indirect heating boiler, which simplifies the design of the heating system as a whole and reduces the number of elements that are additional sources of heat loss.
The boiler temperature sensor is connected to the boiler automation, as a result, the generated heat is directed at the right time to heat the water in the boiler. After reaching a certain temperature level, heating of the boiler stops and the boiler returns to its previous operating mode.
It is important that this combination of devices allows you to ensure hot water supply all year round. In the summer, the circulation of water through the heating system stops, and the heat is used to heat water in the hot water supply system.
It is important that when installing a boiler, the boiler has sufficient power (minimum 25 kW). Otherwise, the boiler will heat up slowly, and the temperature of the water in the heating system will have time to decrease, which will lead to a decrease in the air temperature in the room, and this is unacceptable.
The best foreign boilers
Imported gas equipment is characterized by reliability, durability and economical fuel consumption.
Buderus logamax u072 18
A wall-mounted gas boiler with a power of 18 kW is capable of heating an area of up to 240 sq. m. m.
The device is equipped with a copper heat exchanger, adapted for operation in harsh climatic conditions typical of Russia. The unit has a pleasant design and cost-effectiveness.
The burner can operate on natural and liquefied gas and is equipped with a flame modulation function. When connecting an indirect heating boiler, the model can be used for hot water supply. An informative liquid crystal display is used for control. Safe operation is ensured by frost protection, flame sensor, temperature limiter.
Baxi luna 3 1 310 fi
Mounted boiler with a power of 31 kW. can heat a room up to 300 square meters. m. The product is characterized by a reliable design, high efficiency, and is adapted to domestic operating conditions.
The device is equipped with a circulation pump and a built-in 10 liter expansion tank. An LCD display and a network of self-diagnosis sensors make it easy to control the operation of the device and quickly diagnose the health of the boiler.
Vaillant turbotec plus vu 122 3 5
A 12 kW device can handle heating an area of up to 90 square meters. m. The device is designed for wall mounting. An electric fan is provided to provide air supply. The circulation water pump is responsible for pumping the coolant. The security system includes sensors for freezing, water circulation problems, flame blowing out, and power outages. The backlit display allows the user to easily control the operation of the unit.
Viessmann vitopend 100 w a1hb002
The heating device is suitable for heating a room up to 300 sq. m. The product has a wall mounting type. To ensure the functioning of the heating circuit, a circulation pump is provided for pumping coolant, as well as a 10-liter expansion tank. A powerful self-diagnosis program is responsible for the smooth operation of the device, which allows you to localize the problem in the functioning of the system. There is protection against freezing and overheating. The burner is equipped with a flame modulation mode.
Baxi slim 1 230 in
The floor-mounted installation has a power of 22 kW. It is capable of heating a room up to 250 square meters. m. The primary heat exchanger is made of cast iron, which increases the durability of the device. The installation is capable of operating on liquefied and natural gas. The control system is electronic. There is a flame modulation mode. The manufacturer has provided a set of measures to ensure the safety of the installation, including protection against overheating, pump blocking and freezing.
Mora top sa 60
The floor-standing gas boiler is designed for heating residential and non-residential premises up to 500 square meters. m. A cast iron heat exchanger of 7 sections ensures efficient heating of the coolant. The stainless steel burner is capable of operating at low fuel pressure. The device is reliable and easy to control. There is a power-on indication, auto-ignition, and an electronic control system.
Neva lux 8618
A wall-mounted unit with a power of 18 kW is suitable for heating an area of up to 180 sq. m. m. The model is characterized by economy and efficiency. Thanks to its compactness and attractive design, it will fit into any room.
A multi-level security system is provided. Coolant circulation is provided by a water pump.
The primary heat exchanger is made of copper. It is possible to connect an indirect heating boiler and a remote room thermostat. The installation can operate on liquefied gas.
Automation
Modern single-circuit gas heating boilers are equipped with automatic control devices that significantly expand functionality, thereby increasing the level of comfort of use provided.
A wall-mounted boiler can “fit” beautifully into the interior of the house
With the help of automation, it is possible to organize a system consisting of several coordinated heating boilers, this allows you to create optimal temperature conditions in large buildings, when when installing one boiler its power will be too high. Distributing the load between boilers can significantly extend their service life.
A simple and today mandatory element of automation in a single-circuit gas heating boiler is a thermostatic boiler regulator , which allows you to manually set a certain level of water heating in the heating system. This regulator turns on the ignition of the gas burner when the water temperature drops below the set level, and turns it off when the water heats up.
Also, to ensure safe operation, boilers are equipped with additional automatic control means:
Wall-mounted gas boiler
- To create the right flame;
- To maintain the draft of exhaust gases;
- To protect the boiler structure from overheating;
- To implement additional functions to achieve the maximum level of comfort.
Also, automatic regulators allow you to adjust the operation of the heating boiler depending on the weather conditions outside the walls of the house, set a specific operating schedule, turn off the heating when there is no one in the house, etc.
It is possible to additionally equip the heating system with remote controls that allow you to set the temperature when the owner, for example, returns home from work.
However, you will have to pay significantly extra for additional amenities.
Types of wall-mounted boilers
Manufacturers of heating equipment offer customers a wide range of their products. Because of this, various difficulties may arise associated with choosing the most suitable device for a particular room. To simplify this task, all wall-mounted boilers have been divided into several types.
Device Features
Most often, single-circuit boilers are classified based on their design features and operating principle. This helps the consumer more accurately determine the type and buy the option that is ideal for an apartment or room.
All wall-mounted devices are divided into:
- Open. They got their name thanks to the open combustion chamber that all devices are equipped with. During operation, combustion must be constantly maintained, for which the device uses air from the room. Removal of combustion products occurs due to the draft in the chimney to which the device is connected. In most cases, such boilers are mechanically controlled. Their operation can be regulated using a built-in thermocouple and thermostats. The device is turned on manually by igniting a piezoelectric element.
- Closed. Such boilers are used only in those rooms where it is possible to equip forced air intake. They have a closed combustion chamber, which gives the species its name. Special turbines and fans are used to circulate air in the system and remove combustion products. Closed single-circuit gas boilers are divided into 2 classes: turbocharged and condensing. In the first, it is possible to change the fan speed and burner power. Condensing systems are distinguished by their high efficiency, which can reach 108%. In addition, they are very economical and use a minimal amount of gas, which significantly reduces costs.
This is interesting: the advantages of a condensing gas boiler.
Burner type
Single-circuit heating boilers are divided into types and according to the type of burner that is used during operation. They all differ from each other and allow the buyer to choose the best option:
- Single stage. This is one of the popular types that use burners that maintain a constant temperature of the coolant at a preset level. This is done by periodically turning the burner on and off. An igniter must be installed in such a device, which does not turn off throughout the entire period of operation.
- Two-stage. They can operate in 2 modes (at 100 and 30% of the available power). Modernized burners smoothly regulate gas flow, switching from one mode to another. This feature helps you save a lot on gas fees. Burners must operate without interruption. As soon as the temperature of the coolant reaches a predetermined level, the device switches to a more economical mode and operates until the liquid partially cools. The device is powered by electric ignition, and its automation independently sets the required power.
- Modulation. This is the most versatile device, capable of operating at a power that varies from 10 to 100%. The entire process is controlled by built-in automation. With its help, depending on the system parameters, the optimal combustion intensity is selected. Devices running on liquefied gas are considered to be the most efficient and economical.
Boiler installation requirements
Any gas boiler is a source of fire hazard, so its design and installation must meet the following requirements:
Boiler room in the house - boiler and boiler
- The boiler is usually installed in a separate room with an area of at least 4 square meters. The exception is turbocharged single-circuit gas boilers with forced air supply to the burner and no need to install a chimney.
- The floor-standing boiler should be located on a flat floor surface as far as possible from additional sources of fire.
- The approach to the boiler for servicing should not be obstructed.
- The materials used to decorate the boiler room must be fire-resistant.
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Modern boilers are equipped with safety devices that make them absolutely safe.
Bottom line
floor-standing gas boiler with boiler
If you need high-quality and efficient water heating, a single-circuit gas boiler, the price of which ranges from 22,000 rubles, will be a good option. But you need to remember that when you call a boiler installation specialist, the price of the boiler will also be added to its installation in the region of 15,000 rubles.
However, as we see, single-circuit gas heating boilers, the prices of which are lower than double-circuit ones, will be no less effective in heating water than double-circuit ones.
