Measure the temperature in the apartment. What to do if the temperature in the apartment is below normal

Answers from experts

Denis Astanin:

What does atmospheric pressure have to do with it... Of course you can, if the temperature in the room falls within the range of the thermometer. For example, if the temperature in the room is -5, and the thermometer scale is from 0 to +60, then it is impossible. And if the temperature falls within this range, then the readings will be correct. The liquid used in these thermometers is alcohol, not mercury...

Evgeny Zubov:

Navryatli

Albert:

No . It will show incorrect data.

Dmitry Nizyaev:

And the liquid inside the thermometer simply DOESN’T KNOW what exactly is outside, water or air. You can measure, of course. The accuracy will not change at all.

metoflex. No, there is another difference between an outdoor thermometer and a water thermometer: in the ratio of the volume of the flask to the length of the tube. Simply put, a different measurement range. Pressure has absolutely nothing to do with it, since inside the thermometer, in any case, the pressure is zero. Only the coefficient of thermal expansion of the liquid, its quantity in the flask and the diameter-length of the tube play a role. The thinner the tube, the faster the same liquid rises through it. The larger the volume of the flask, the faster the liquid rises through the same tube. Just geometry. But the pressure is zero in any case; the air is specially pumped out of the tube so that its elasticity does not distort the movement of the liquid. The pressure can change only in one case - when the thermometer is overheated and the liquid touches the upper end of the tube. But this at the same time means the death of the thermometer, since the liquid does not compress, and the tube will instantly rupture.

Alexander Dunaev:

It seems to me that it is possible. For the only difference from a conventional thermometer is that the flask in which the mercury is located can withstand pressure values ​​greater than atmospheric pressure.

Albert, could you explain the reason why incorrect information will be displayed on the thermometer scale? (I got an error in my head from your point of view)

Dmitry Nizyaev I understand everything, I just meant the pressure on the flask itself, from the water, when we immerse it in water. That is, the glass must be thicker so that it does not crack under pressure from water.

MwenMas:

Of course you can.

Arthur Pomishin:

nit

Alina Afilintova:

Casio Protek watches, there's one for that :))

How to do your own indoor air analysis

Everyone wants to breathe pure oxygen deeply. Everywhere: in the park or in the forest, on the embankment or on the seashore, in the office or at home. For residents of megacities, home is a saving corner where they can fully relax and unwind before a new working day. How to do this if the air in the apartment is even dirtier than outside? Yes, this happens!

The air in the apartment should not contain any impurities or odors - it should be fresh. If the air feels stuffy, a person becomes stuffy, gets a headache and drowsiness. The reason is problems with ventilation in the apartment, a blockage in the ventilation pipe or a dirty grille. Fans of candles, incense sticks and heaters accelerate the appearance of high concentrations of carbon dioxide in the air. Checking the ventilation is not difficult: with the windows and doors open, you need to take a thin strip of paper and bring it to the ventilation at a distance of 5 cm. Ventilation works well if the paper is pressed into the grille. There is no need to bring any lit lighters or matches - gases accumulate in the mine, which can cause an explosion. Regular ventilation and ventilation cleaning by specialists will help freshen the air.

You need to monitor the humidity in the room. High humidity leads to the appearance of mold and mildew. The norm is no more than 60%. Insufficient humidity leads to pulmonary diseases, dry skin and mucous membranes. You can check the humidity in the room using a glass of water, which must first be placed in the refrigerator for 2 days, and then placed in the apartment away from heat sources. All you have to do is observe for 10 minutes: if the air in the room is dry, the foggy walls of the glass will quickly dry out, and if the air in the room is humid, large drops of flowing condensate will be visible. If the humidity is normal, small drops will remain on the walls.

As a rule, the lowest and highest floors suffer from high humidity. Only a change of housing will help here, since the problems lie in the cracks in the walls or roof. Today on sale you can find “smart” heaters for wet rooms and humidifiers for dry rooms.

An equally important factor is the cleanliness of the room, the absence of household dust and animal hair. However, cleaning chemicals contain the same harmful substances, for example formaldehyde. The main thing is not to overdo it with the amount of detergents.

Operating principle or how the device works

The device operates quite simply, for which a laser point is used in its design. This point is directed to the object whose temperature needs to be known. To take measurements and find out what the temperature of the wall or battery is, you need to point the device at them and press the trigger-shaped start button. When you press the button, a laser dot appears and the corresponding temperature reading is displayed on the screen within a matter of seconds.

This is interesting!
The laser dot on the device can be turned off, and its main purpose is to aim at the object whose temperature you want to know. This is relevant if it is necessary to measure the temperature of elements on an electronic board, etc.

The heated surface emits corresponding heat waves. Moreover, the device can measure not only positive temperature values, but also negative ones. Heat waves are projected through a socket in the device onto a pyrometric sensor. At the sensor, thermal energy is converted into electrical energy. The microprocessor evaluates the magnitude of electrical impulses using special algorithms and displays them on the device screen in a format understandable to humans.

The devices operate on autonomous batteries, and depending on the model, these can be regular AA batteries or lithium-ion batteries. Models with Li-Ion batteries are more expensive, so you need to decide on the rationality of purchasing them yourself.

Hot water temperature value

You should monitor the temperature of the water flowing from the hot tap not only for economic reasons, but also for reasons of epidemiological safety.

This point is especially relevant for young children, elderly disabled people and other groups of citizens. In order not to jeopardize the life and health of citizens, the water temperature should not deviate from the established standards more than the maximum possible deviations, either downward or upward.

Having water temperature within established standards is not just a matter of comfort, but also of sanitary and epidemiological safety of citizens.

Sometimes, although this happens quite rarely, the water temperature can significantly exceed the established standards. This deviation creates a risk of thermal damage to the skin.

Consumption rate of hot and cold water per person.

Who to call if the hot water is turned off,

To prevent this from happening, you should know what consequences exposure to hot water of a certain temperature can have on the skin:

• +50°C – when the skin is exposed to water at this temperature for more than 1.5 minutes, a minor thermal burn of the skin may occur;
• +55°C – when exposed to water at this temperature, a skin burn may occur within 15 seconds;
• +60°C – thermal damage to the skin will occur when exposed for 5 seconds;
• +65°C – severe thermal damage to the skin will occur with exposure lasting 2 seconds;
• +70°C – when the skin is exposed to water at this temperature, severe thermal damage occurs instantly.

Cases when water flows from a hot tap, the temperature of which is significantly lower than the standard temperature, are very common. This not only leads to an increase in its consumption and, as a consequence, financial costs for paying for poorly rendered services, but also makes it possible for the development of many negative situations.

For example, in a hot water supply system, in the event of a significant decrease in water temperature, the most favorable conditions are created for the life and development of various harmful microorganisms that can cause a number of diseases in humans.

Most often, in such conditions, the Legionella bacterium begins to develop. Warm fresh water is the most favorable environment for its life and reproduction. This pathogenic bacterium is a gram-negative rod, the size of which does not exceed 3 microns.

Underheating of the water entering the hot water supply system leads to the creation of the most favorable environment for Legionella in pipes and boilers.

As a result, they begin to develop rapidly and form huge colonies. This, in turn, poses a significant threat to human health.

The optimal habitat for these pathogenic bacteria is warm, fresh water. It is for this reason that they quite often infect low-temperature heating systems, where they create entire colonies.

Legionella can cause many diseases, the most severe of which is pneumonia with various complications.

This bacterium can enter your body during a bath or shower, while performing various hygiene procedures, as well as from dishes that were washed with contaminated water as a result of underheating.

When the water is heated to the temperatures established by current standards, then bacteria have no chance to survive and multiply, which means the likelihood of your infection is reduced to almost zero. For water to undergo complete thermal disinfection, it must be heated to at least 80°C.

Let's look at how water temperature affects the development and activity of Legionella:

• At a water temperature of less than 20°C, the bacterium loses its activity, it stops reproducing, enters suspended animation, but does not die;
• Water, the temperature of which ranges from 25 to 45°C, is the most favorable environment for the habitat, life and reproduction of this bacterium;
• If the water temperature remains at 55°C for 6 hours, these bacteria will die;
• If the water temperature is 60°C, then legionella colonies will be destroyed within 35 minutes;
• When the water temperature rises to 65°C, the bacteria die within 2 minutes;
• At a water temperature of 70 to 80°C, complete thermal disinfection of water occurs.

How to measure the air temperature in an apartment

The climatic conditions of our country are such that with the arrival of cold weather, houses and apartments need heating. If in a private house the owner takes care of creating an optimal microclimate, then all apartment buildings are heated centrally.

Either the supplier organization (if the heat supply contract is concluded directly) or an intermediary - the management company - must be responsible for the quality supply of heat. The cost of heating services is increasing, but the same cannot be said about the quality. Utility companies cite worn-out heating networks and low-quality products from suppliers, but are in no hurry to recalculate for their shortcomings.

Meanwhile, housing heating parameters have state standards.

Failure to comply with the norms of limit values ​​entails at least a reduction in payment.

In case of maximum deviations from the norms, payment is not made at all (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011, paragraph 98). You can learn more about what the air temperature should be during the heating season from this article. Restrictions on heat supply are possible:

1. Maximum 8 hours if the apartment is 10 degrees;
2. No more than 24 hours per calendar month;
3. Within 16 hours, if the room temperature does not exceed 12 degrees;
4. The 4 hour limit is set at a temperature of 8 degrees.

Housing and communal services organizations must be guided by GOST R 51617-2000: “Housing and communal services”, which specifies the characteristics of maximum permissible temperature values:

1. In rooms classified as common property (except for attics and basements) - at least 16 degrees;
2. In the apartment - at least 18 degrees (in rooms located at the corners of buildings - 20 degrees);
3. Attics and basements - from 4 degrees and above.
4. In the bathroom and in the restroom combined with the bathroom - at least 25 degrees;

In houses with two or more floors, staircases may not be heated, if there is a heating system in the apartments.

Heating of stairs is not provided in areas with winter temperatures of 5 degrees and above (SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”). Before asking utility companies to reduce fees, check the tightness of windows and doors.

Representatives of the management organization will definitely inspect places of possible heat leakage, and if they find cracks with drafts, there will be no recalculation. There are standards for carrying out measurements - paragraph 4 of the “Control Method” of GOST 30494-96:

1. When the weather outside is warm (above 5 degrees), clear, you cannot measure. The sun warms the room and affects the temperature, increasing it;
2. A device with automatic recording of temperature indicators must operate for at least two hours;
3. Measurements are made with a device with a maximum deviation of up to 0.1 degrees;
4. The temperature is determined with a hand-held thermometer at least three times, with a mandatory five-minute interval. The arithmetic mean of the readings is taken as the room temperature;
5. The ball thermometer readings are taken only after 20 minutes after installing the device.

What methods are used to analyze indoor air?

Each eco-company and laboratory operates in accordance with currently existing legislative standards.

To determine the content of hazardous substances in the air, several methods are used, in each of which the most important step is the correct selection of air into the vessels. The methods differ in their operating principles:

1. The aspiration method is the most common; for its implementation, several different devices are used to analyze the air in the apartment, performing the same function, but with different actions. These include the Krotov unit, PAB-1, and an electronic device.
2. The determination of toxic and explosive substances is carried out using laboratory research and gas detector devices.
3. To extract air into the vessels, automatic “DAG” devices, vacuum cylinders, and absorbent screens are used.

To analyze the air in an apartment for radiation, other, more complex devices are used.

In order for the analysis to show an accurate result, specialists examine the room not just once, but several times, and on different days and times of day. After all, the result can be affected by air temperature, humidity or atmospheric pressure. Several sessions are required, as this will help identify and solve the problem with absolute accuracy.

How to correctly measure the temperature in an apartment

Often the temperature in an apartment during the cold season does not meet GOST standards. This may be the basis for filing a complaint with the appropriate authorities in order to eliminate violations. For a complaint to be justified, it is necessary to correctly measure the temperature in the apartment and record the result obtained. To obtain reliable parameters, you must follow some rules:

1. Measurements cannot be taken on a sunny day. Even on winter days, the sun's rays can warm up the rooms to some extent. Therefore, it is recommended to measure the temperature on a cloudy day or early in the morning.
2. During the cold season, measurements cannot be made at outside temperatures below minus 5 degrees.
3. Before starting measurements, you should check the presence or absence of heat leaks from residential premises. This could be old windows or a violation of the tightness of interpanel seams. If the causes of heat leakage are detected, measurements are made only after they have been eliminated.
4. The temperature in apartments is measured in two rooms (with the exception of one-room apartments). Measurements are taken three times at 5-minute intervals.
5. During the procedure, the temperature measuring device in the apartment must be located at a distance of at least a meter from the outer wall and at least one and a half meters from the floor. All instruments used for measurements must undergo preliminary testing.
6. Before contacting the emergency dispatch service, it is advisable to carry out preliminary measurements yourself in order to compare the data obtained.

Emergency team workers take temperature measurements according to all rules and draw up a report. It should contain the following points:

• date of temperature measurement in the apartment;
• information on the composition of the commission that carried out the measurements;
• description of the apartment;
• instrument readings;
• temperature value;
• signatures.

For your information

The report on temperature measurements in the apartment is drawn up in two copies. One remains with the owner of the apartment, the other with the members of the commission.

How to analyze air in the workplace

Environmental companies standardly offer a full range of services for examining residential apartments and work premises, which includes: air samples to be sent for specific analysis, checking the quality of disinfection equipment, examining the area for harmful rodents and insects, dust and mold, etc.

Immediately when hazardous substances are detected in the air, specialists propose a solution plan. Chemical and microbiological analysis of the air in an apartment or work premises will make it possible to identify and eliminate the problem, significantly increasing the quality of life, productivity, and reducing health problems for people who regularly stay in them.

Often a competing company, located in a less favorable location and with a lack of qualified personnel, bypasses a more successful one with improved working conditions, and the cause of the problem turns out to be completely unexpected: the offices of the first enterprise are located next to a park and a pond, industrial enterprises and highways are far from it; the offices of the second are located in an area with polluted air, trucks constantly drive under the windows and a plastic processing plant is located nearby. This is why it is important to regularly conduct a complete analysis of the air in work areas and improve purification systems.

How to measure the temperature in a room

When it comes to temperatures, the most used scale in the world is Celsius. The one that measures temperature in degrees Celsius. It was named as such in honor of Andres Celsius.

The app is a classic Celsius/Fahrenheit thermometer.

This app can measure and display the temperature of the environment your device is in (room) and also display the current outside temperature (outdoor) for your location. The accuracy of measured room temperature on most devices is limited because very few devices have an external temperature sensor. Most devices measure and display the temperature of the internal electronics, and this only resembles the actual room temperature if the device has been in standby mode for a long time.

Determination of air humidity

Air humidity depends on the content of water vapor in it. The hygienic value of air humidity is determined mainly by its influence on human heat exchange. High air humidity combined with high temperature makes it difficult to transfer heat.

If the air temperature is close to or higher than body temperature, heat transfer occurs only due to the evaporation of sweat from the surface of the skin. But the latter is only possible under conditions of low air humidity. High humidity makes it difficult to transfer heat through evaporation, resulting in overheating of the body.

High air humidity combined with low temperature promotes heat loss through conduction and convection, which can lead to cooling of the body and the occurrence of colds.

Too low air humidity (relative humidity 10-15%) in combination with high temperature causes a feeling of thirst, dries the mucous membranes of the mouth and upper respiratory tract, but dry air is easier to tolerate than humid air under all conditions.

The most favorable is relative humidity in the range of 30-60% at an air temperature of 18-20°C and low air movement (0.2-0.4 m/s).

Air humidity is characterized by the following values:

Absolute humidity

- elasticity of water vapor currently in the air (expressed in millimeters of mercury), or the amount of water vapor in grams contained in 1 m3 of air at the time of the study.

Maximum
humidity
is the elasticity of water vapor when the air is completely saturated with moisture at a given temperature, or the amount of water vapor in grams required to completely saturate 1 m3 of air at a given temperature. The maximum air humidity depends on temperature. The higher the air temperature, the more water vapor is required to completely saturate it.

Relative humidity

- the ratio of absolute humidity to maximum, expressed as a percentage.

Saturation deficit

— the difference between maximum and absolute humidity.

Physiological saturation deficiency

— the difference between the maximum air humidity at a temperature of 37°C (body temperature) and the absolute air humidity at the time of the study. It indicates how many grams of water a cubic meter of inhaled air can extract from the body.

Dew point

- the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor.

Absolute air humidity is determined by instruments called psychrometers. There are two types of psychrometers: stationary and aspiration.

August stationary psychrometer

consists of two identical mercury or alcohol thermometers, conventionally called “wet” and “dry”. The reservoir of the “wet” thermometer is wrapped in a piece of thin cloth (cambric, gauze), the end of which is lowered into a vessel with distilled water. The top edge of the vessel should be at a distance of 3-4 cm from the thermometer reservoir. Water evaporates from the surface of wet matter. The evaporation process uses heat, so a “wet” bulb will cool and show a lower temperature than a “dry” bulb. When determining air humidity, the device should be protected from sources of radiation and random air movements. The readings of both thermometers are taken 10-15 minutes after installation of the device. Absolute humidity is calculated using the following formula:

A =
f - a ( t 1 - t 2 ) B ,
where A is the desired absolute humidity;

f is the maximum voltage of water vapor at the “wet” thermometer temperature;

a is the psychrometric coefficient, which when determining the humidity of atmospheric air is taken equal to 0.00074, when determining the humidity of room air - 0.0011;

tl—dry thermometer readings;

t2—wet thermometer readings;

B is the barometric pressure at the time of observation.

Example.

When examining the air humidity in the operating room, the dry thermometer showed 21°C, and the wet thermometer showed 17°C. Barometric pressure 756 mm. rt. Art.

According to the table 1 we find the maximum humidity at the wet bulb temperature, i.e. at 17°C. It is equal to 14.53 mm. Substitute all values ​​into the formula:

A = 14.53 - 0.0011 x (21 - 17) x 756 = 11.21 mm. rt. Art.

Table 1

Lecture 2. Priority controlled parameters of the natural environment

2.1. Air Quality Monitoring

One of the most important objects of environmental monitoring is atmospheric air [3, 14]. The stability of the biosphere depends on its purity, because transboundary transfers of gaseous substances affect the inhabitants of the entire planet. Air pollution negatively affects plants, animals, people, buildings, and various materials.

Atmospheric air quality is understood as the totality of atmospheric properties that determine the degree of impact of physical, chemical and biological factors on people, flora and fauna, as well as on materials, structures and the environment as a whole.

Eight categories of pollutants were identified as the most common and dangerous pollutants (A.I. Fedorov): suspended substances (they can carry other pollutants dissolved in them or adsorbed on their surface); hydrocarbons and other volatile organic compounds; carbon monoxide; nitrogen oxides; sulfur oxides (mainly dioxide); lead and other heavy metals; ozone and other photochemical oxidizers; acids are mainly sulfuric and nitric.

Air quality standards define the permissible limits for the content of harmful substances both in the production area (intended to accommodate industrial enterprises, pilot production of research institutes, etc.) and in the residential area (intended to accommodate housing stock, public buildings and structures) of populated areas. points. Basic terms and definitions related to atmospheric pollution indicators, observation programs, and the behavior of impurities in atmospheric air are defined by GOST 17.2.1.03-84. "Protection of Nature. Atmosphere. Pollution Control Terms and Definitions.” Maximum concentration limits for the most common toxicants are given in the Appendix (Table 1).

Maximum permissible average daily concentration (MPCss) is the concentration of a harmful substance in the air of populated areas

, which should not have a direct or indirect effect on humans through indefinitely long (years) inhalation. Thus, the MPC is designed for all groups of the population and for an indefinitely long period of exposure and, therefore, is the most stringent sanitary and hygienic standard establishing the concentration of a harmful substance in the air. It is the MPCs value that can act as a “standard” for assessing the well-being of the air environment in a residential area.

A number of complex indicators of air pollution (combined by several pollutants) have been proposed; The most common and recommended by the methodological documentation of the Ministry of Natural Resources is the comprehensive air pollution index (API). It is calculated as the sum of the average contents of various substances normalized by MPCs and reduced to the concentration of sulfur dioxide:

,

where Yi

– unit pollution index for
the i
-th substance;
qcpi
– average concentration
of the i
-th substance;
MPC c сi
–
MPCss
for
the i
-th substance;
ci
is a dimensionless constant for reducing the degree of harmfulness
i
-th substance to the harmfulness of sulfur dioxide, depending on which hazard class the pollutant belongs to (for 1 - 1.7; for 2 - 1.3; for 3 - 1.0; for 4 – 0.9).

To compare data on air pollution by several substances in different cities or city districts, complex air pollution indices must be calculated for the same amount ( n

) impurities.
When compiling an annual list of cities with the highest levels of air pollution, to calculate the complex index Yn

Yi
of the five substances for which these values ​​are the highest are used

One of the indicators is also the transparency of the atmosphere

. This indicator indicates the ability of the atmosphere to transmit electromagnetic energy. Aerosols can be represented by various dispersed phases: in the form of dust, smoke, fog or smog:

Dust
– solid particles dispersed in a gaseous medium;
Smoke
is an aerosol resulting from the condensation of gases;
Fog
– liquid particles dispersed in a gaseous medium;
Smog
(from the English smoke - smoke, fog - fog) is a condensed aerosol associated with fog.
Many technological processes at enterprises of the metallurgical, chemical, petrochemical industries, in a number of workshops of machine-building plants, and in many other industries are accompanied by the release of harmful gases and vapors into the atmospheric air. Transport, primarily automobiles, is an active pollutant of atmospheric air.

It is often difficult to draw a clear line between different types of aerosols. This is explained by the fact that aerosol systems consist of particles of different origins. In addition, there is a continuous interaction between these particles, the deposition of small particles onto larger ones, etc. The aerosol system is not in an unchanged state. As a result of the interaction of particles, their enlargement occurs, conglomerates are destroyed, particles are deposited, etc.

The main method of air sampling is the aspiration method, in which air is passed through a sorption device (absorption vessel, concentration tube, filter) using an air flow stimulator at a certain speed.

When studying atmospheric pollution, both maximum single (sampling 30 minutes) and average daily concentrations (24-hour sampling) are determined. Monitoring of air pollution is carried out at stationary, route and mobile (flare) posts.

A large number of aerosols are formed as a result of natural processes. On average, soils and flora produce over 40%, and the water surface 10-20% of all atmospheric aerosols. Industrial enterprises contribute 20%, and transport up to 10% of aerosols. According to the most conservative estimates, the number of particles entering the Earth's air basin annually as a result of human activity reaches about 1 billion tons per year, which is 10% of the total mass of pollutants. The chemical composition of the particles is different, these are silicon dioxide - sand, toxic metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons, etc. The maximum anthropogenic contribution comes from sulfates.

The main source of anthropogenic aerosols is the combustion process. Energy and transport provide 2/3 of the total amount of anthropogenic aerosols. Other sources of aerosols include metallurgical enterprises, construction materials production, and chemical production.

It is known that aerosols can change the Earth's climate. Fine particles of industrial emissions are condensation nuclei in cities, which contributes to an increase in precipitation intensity by 5-10% compared to rural areas.

In addition, dust can cause destructive explosions. Explosive in an aerosol state are also called such “innocent” substances as tea, starch, sugar, flour, which are not explosive materials, but under certain conditions can burn so intensely that sometimes the process ends in an explosion.

What explains the increased activity of substances in aerosol state? The outer surface of a pack of compressed tea weighing 100 g is 150 cm2, but in an aerosol state from this mass of tea the total surface area will be 300 m3, i.e. will increase 20 thousand times. The huge surface of aerosol particles promotes active oxidation, resulting in rapid and simultaneous ignition of aerosols, leading to an explosion.

An emergency fuel release is especially dangerous in this regard.

Dust is a very common and dangerous aerosol.

.

Best answers

Danil Nesterenko:

Simple ways to measure temperature The simplest and most well-known way for all people to determine whether the body temperature is elevated or not is to simply place your hand on your forehead. If the forehead is hot, there is a temperature, if it is cold, there is none. Accuracy cannot be achieved with this method, and indeed it is not required. But few people know that the more correct way is to place your hand not on your forehead, but on the dimples under your knees and on your neck - these are the places that most accurately determine body temperature. There is another way - to count a person’s pulse at normal temperature and remember this number. After this, count the pulse at the expected temperature increase. Every ten “extra” beats per minute means that the temperature has risen by 1 degree. This is due to the fact that at high temperatures, people's pulse and breathing increase. The above coefficients are valid for an adult; for a child, everything is much more complicated - depending on their age, children have different normal pulses, so you have to use other methods of determining temperature without a thermometer. For example, it can be determined by the respiratory rate - this can be easily done unnoticed by the patient. The norm is about twenty breaths per minute; if there are more breaths per minute, this means that the person has a fever. And of course, the most striking signs of febrile (not just elevated, but elevated to the limit) temperature can be called delirium, hallucinations, and convulsions. In this case, the person should immediately be given antipyretics and call an ambulance; he should not self-medicate and assume that everything will go away on its own.

Lydia:

You can’t always tell with your hand, it’s better with your lips on your temple.

Arthur Pomishin:

The first method is known to almost every person. You need to touch the forehead of the sick person with your lips or eyelid. If there is fever, the other person will notice it very quickly. You can touch it with your hand, but since the skin on it is rougher, it will be much more difficult to understand the difference.2 If you are alone, cup your palm, bring it to your mouth and exhale air into it. If you have a fever, you will feel heat in the wings of your nose.3Check your pulse. When body temperature rises by one degree, the pulse increases by an average of 10 beats per minute. That is, if your pulse is 30 beats higher than usual, then your temperature is about forty degrees. But this method is only suitable for those who know their “working” pulse. And, of course, before measuring you should not perform physical activities, drink tea, coffee or smoke.

Temperature standards in the apartment

//Temperature in the apartment One of the important conditions for a person’s well-being is the optimal temperature in the apartment. First of all, the regulation of room temperature depends on human preferences: some people like it cool, others are more comfortable in the warmth. However, we should not forget about the temperature standards recommended by experts in residential premises.

Both overheating and hypothermia can negatively affect the health of household members.

Knowing the permissible upper and lower limits of room temperature in an apartment, you can easily adjust the comfortable microclimate in your home and not harm the health of your household. Attention Temperature standards in residential premises are established by law. The temperature in the apartment is regulated by the “Indoor Microclimate Parameters”. According to this document, the air in each room must be heated in accordance with its functional purpose

The heat supply parameters for each room have been established. The average temperature for the entire apartment is also displayed.

It is 20 - 22 degrees. Attention!

If you have any questions, you can chat for free with a lawyer at the bottom of the screen or call the following numbers: Moscow; Saint Petersburg; ext.480 Free call for all of Russia. There are sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the microclimate of the home, which specify the permissible limits of temperature indicators in the apartment. The appendix to the resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of Russia provides the following figures:

1. in the lobby and stairwell the thermometer should show 14 - 20 degrees;
2. in the living room the temperature is allowed from 18 to 24 degrees;
3. in the inter-apartment corridor, 16 to 22 degrees are allowed;
4. The optimal air temperature in pantries is from 12 to 22 degrees Celsius.
5. in the kitchen, bathroom and toilet the recommended norm is from 18 to 26 degrees Celsius;

Attention: These are the standards recommended during the heating season. In the warm season, according to Sanitary Regulations, the temperature in the apartment increases by 4 degrees. The difference between temperature conditions in neighboring rooms should not exceed 3 degrees

In the warm season, according to Sanitary Regulations, the temperature in the apartment increases by 4 degrees. The difference between temperature conditions in neighboring rooms should not exceed 3 degrees.

Otherwise, when moving around the apartment, a person feels discomfort. The normal air temperature in the home depends on several factors: the time of year, the region of residence, and the technical features of the home. An important criterion is the subjective preferences of a person, on which he relies when creating comfort in the house.

At the same time, the standards established by experts are time-tested and based on the recommendations of doctors. Failure to follow these rules can lead to health problems. If the room is too hot, a person feels lethargic and fatigued.

Due to loss of moisture, the blood becomes thicker and the heart works harder. In people with cardiovascular diseases, their condition worsens. For your information, in an overly warm environment, various pathogenic bacteria actively multiply, which can cause dangerous diseases.

Why 310 people became our regular customers

We have been working since 2002.

During this time, we conducted 7,665 laboratory tests and helped maintain the health of 800 people.

We carry out research in accordance with GOST 17.2.3.01-86.

The EcoTestExpress research laboratory has received the necessary state certificates, as well as permits to conduct various studies.

We issue protocols that have legal force.

We help our clients solve problems of any complexity.

We are conducting an urgent air study.

Upon request, we can perform air analysis and provide results in 1 day instead of the standard week.

Our innovation laboratory is equipped with cutting-edge technologies.

Thanks to this, you receive the results of any study with increased accuracy and all this is done in the shortest possible time. All research will take no more than 7 days. It is worth noting that the laboratory assistants involved in your research are qualified specialists with many years of experience.

We will fulfill your every wish regarding air research.

We come to offices, apartments, warehouses and take air samples with the best instruments that guarantee the accuracy of the results. If necessary, it is possible to study atmospheric air.

We provide professional support.

When you call us by phone, you will talk to an environmental consultant, and not to an operator.

Affordable and optimal prices

The prices for our services will pleasantly surprise you.

Leave a request and find out how much it will cost to analyze the air in your room.

Would you like to see an example protocol? Click this link to download.

Order a free consultation with an ecologist

Leave your phone number and our specialists will advise you on air analysis