How to make a chimney in a garage. Chimney in garage

How to increase draft in a chimney with your own hands

According to its purpose, a potbelly stove is one of the types of stove heating. Heat is created through the combustion of fuel and oxygen. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure normal air movement into the stove furnace and the exit of burnt gases into the chimney.

To determine the quality of fuel combustion in a potbelly stove, you need to know the power and area of the heated room. The heating device must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST. If the specified parameters are not met, you should determine the reasons for the lack of draft in this particular heating device.

Chimney system for a garage made of sandwich panels

So, now you know how to make a chimney for a potbelly stove in the garage. Finally, I want to make a reservation that the happy owners of outbuildings made of sandwich panels will not need such a system. In this case, the sealed walls of the garage save heat like a thermos, and the room does not need round-the-clock heating even at 20 degrees below zero. To maintain a comfortable temperature for a person inside, you will only need to briefly turn on the fireplace or a more modern infrared heater.

Causes of poor traction

Air movement (thrust) depends on:

Amount of supply air.
The amount of burnt gases exiting through the chimney.

When carrying out measures to improve combustion, it is necessary to take into account the fact that draft is a kind of indicator of the natural ventilation of the room. Air movement should be in one direction. If there are two different directions of exhaust or air flow, then the draft in the potbelly stove will decrease.

If you open two windows on different sides of the room, the air will move in the same direction from one window to the other, even with a slight wind. The flame in the stove will sharply reduce the burning power, and in the worst case, it will begin to smoke into the room. Compliance with the requirements for a room with natural ventilation is the first necessary condition for normal draft in a potbelly stove.

Wind surge

Wind affects traction. Having hit, it changes direction towards the top of the pipe. In this embodiment, the wind helps the draft. If it changes direction down the pipe, it throws gases into the chimney. To ensure the normal operation of the chimney, it is necessary to strictly follow several rules during construction, namely:

The top of the pipe should be 50 cm above the roof ridge;
The treetops should not be nearby;
Level with the ridge, if the pipe is more than 1.6 m from the ridge;
Below the ridge, if the pipe is located more than 3 m from it.

Correct location of the chimney

Lack of supply air

The main source of supply air for stove heating is a window vent that is fully or partially open. The combustion and blower doors perform the same function for a potbelly stove. If the design of the stove is done correctly, then the flow of combustion air enters the firebox through the ash pan and grate bars.

It feeds the fire with oxygen. Opening the window and the blower door increases the amount of supply air. And by closing the doors, you reduce the air flow in the firebox. The combustion mode should be optimal and pleasant to the ear.

Clogged chimney duct

The main causes of chimney blockage are:

Long-term use of peat briquettes, coal and pine for heating;
Birds creating nests and keeping warm in winter in chimneys;
Freezing of the top of the pipe in winter at low temperatures and ice formation.

Soot in the chimney

To prevent clogging, the following measures must be taken:

Install a deflector at the top of the pipe. It will protect the chimney from birds, rain and wind. Insulate the top of the pipe with mineral wool. Wrap with a sheet of galvanized iron and install clamps.
Clean the top of the pipe before cleaning every year before the start of the heating season.
Install a damper and a purge, if not present.
Based on the results of cleaning the pipe, make a decision on periodically using aspen wood as fuel to burn off soot and soot.

Incorrect stove design

The design of the heating device must be factory-made. The plant must determine the fuel parameters and operating rules for its product. If there are identified deficiencies, the consumer has the right to make claims to suppliers.

In most cases, the main drawback that can be identified is that there is no heat in the house. Constructive flaws are much more difficult to identify. First of all, it is necessary to carry out an external inspection and determine whether the stove complies with the design scheme declared by the factory. What must be there.

The chimney hole has the diameter indicated in the passport (120 mm).
An ash pan of sufficient volume for the daily amount of burned fuel.
Cold air inlet and hot air outlet with the hole diameter specified in the product passport. It must be checked for functionality.
Condition of fans at the inlet and outlet of the hot air pipe.
Determine the serviceability of the ash pan by allowing air to pass directly into the firebox and into the coal afterburning system through the grate.
Check the possibility of adjusting the air supply to the firebox from the intake system.

If these elements are missing or do not work correctly, then the potbelly stove is not working properly. Needs repair or complete replacement.

The problem could also be cracks.

Leakage of pipeline joints

The problem of leaking chimney joints arises as a result of long-term operation of the heating device.

The solution to this problem depends on the design of the chimney. The main sign of a leak is blackness at the joint. The chimney ceases to operate.

Remove the asbestos cement pipe in a circle from the wall or ceiling structures. Cement the joint with a layer of mortar and wrap it with sheet asbestos and apply a coupling made of galvanized roofing iron 20 cm in different directions.
A thick metal chimney is repaired by welding and applying a patch around the perimeter. The seam is continuous.
A brick chimney is disassembled at leakage points. The pipework is being restored using similar materials as the old structure. Before starting heating, the masonry mortar must be allowed to set for at least 3 days. It is necessary to pay attention to chimneys with leaky joints passing through wooden floors in buildings made of combustible structures.

In this case, it is necessary to fulfill a number of fire inspection requirements. The main requirement is to ensure sufficient gaps between the chimney and combustible structures or to install sufficient thermal insulation (sand, slag wool, felt impregnated with a thin clay solution and various asbestos).

Incorrectly selected channel diameter

After replacing the heating device with a new design, it may turn out that the gas outlet does not match the diameter of the chimney. The old brand of potbelly stove with these diameters is no longer produced. Or they built a chimney for one model, but bought another more powerful one. Various options are possible.

Using an adapter will help solve the problem

If the chimney is larger than the outlet pipe of the device, then an adapter with a branch pipe of a smaller diameter and a bare end into the chimney is made from tin. Based on the principle of gas movement with the least friction.

If the stove has a larger diameter, then three options are possible:

Replacing the stove.
Chimney replacement.
Reduced heating power and tin adapter.

Calculation of a chimney for a potbelly stove

After the stove is installed and ready for use, it is necessary to install a chimney that can function properly, retain heat in the room and at the same time prevent combustion waste from entering the air of the room where the stove is installed. To do this, you need to correctly calculate the diameter of the pipe, its length and think about how it will exhaust the smoke into fresh air.

Once the diameter of the chimney pipe has been determined, the length of the entire pipeline should be calculated. In these calculations, it is important to take into account not only the location of the potbelly stove, but also how far from the ridge the chimney is located on the roof.

We suggest you familiarize yourself with: Calculation of the stove of the stove chamber of the pipe diameter

The pipe outlet above the roof should be located according to certain rules:

The chimney is located from the roof ridge at a distance of up to 1500 millimeters, which means the pipe outlet should be located at a height of 50 centimeters above the top of the ridge,
With a distance to the canopy of 150-300 centimeters, the pipeline outlet can be positioned at the same level with it,
If the chimney is located near the edge of the roof, then its outlet should be slightly lower than the ridge, or at the same level with it,

The second option for the pipe to exit is through the wall, and not through the roof. In this case, the end of the chimney should be located just below the top of the roof ridge.

But the main long pipe will be the total distance from the pipe outlet to the potbelly stove itself - the calculations in each individual case will be different, it all depends on what floor, in what place in the room and at what height the potbelly stove will be located.

Why is there bad draft in the furnace?

Poor or weak traction most often causes reverse traction as a consequence. The reasons may be completely different from each other. As for the main one, these are the mistakes that people made when designing the heating system. In this case, there is a possibility of improper use of building materials. Let us also consider in more detail the possible sources of the problem and what to do in such cases:

The defect may be hidden in the chimney design. The proportions between height and firebox are sometimes calculated incorrectly. And because of a low pipe, for example, the pulling often happens worse. However, if the parameter for this component was greater, then reverse thrust would not have formed.

REFERENCE. That’s why it’s so important to consider the universal size – about five meters.

Don't forget about the diameter ratio. A narrow value makes it difficult to remove combustion products.
In addition, if the product is square in shape, then most likely the movement of smoke will not be as free as it would be with rounded corners.
Natural conditions also significantly influence the presence of weak traction. In rainy climates, high humidity or strong winds, the level tends to decrease.
If there are various damages or scratches or irregularities on the pipe, then there is a high probability of obstacles to attraction with a good coefficient.
Stove care. There are often cases when the user forgets about cleaning, thereby accumulating dirt - collapsed building materials.
The reason is very similar to the previous one. Only this time the clog is soot.
The ventilation process has been disrupted. Because of this, there is a shortage or no supply of air mass at all.

How to check chimney draft

After noticing that craving has worsened, you should not immediately neglect serious action, you should think about how to increase it. Before you begin to fix the problem, you need to make sure that it exists. Therefore, let’s start with the folk, traditional method:

You can take a piece of any paper material (it can be either a separate sheet of paper or toilet paper).
Light this section (if the density is high) and let it burn to the end. Thus, it will respond perfectly to the direction of the air.
Next, you should present it to the stove and observe: when the piece moves towards the pipe, positive draft is noted. And on the contrary, it reacts to the flow from the side of the room or is completely in its original place, which means that the opposite is present.

In addition to the described check, there are others. Let's look at them too:

An experiment using cigarette smoke, a lighter, or a burning match is considered visual. You just need to bring one of the named objects to the device. And follow the same recommendations. If the device points towards the flame, the draft is excellent. In the opposite direction - weak.

REFERENCE! In extreme cases, it is possible to use a candle, the light of which will act as a pointer.

You can look inside the stove, into the firebox. And analyze the shade of the flame. Golden yellow color indicates positive draft and uniform combustion, while black smoke indicates a bad situation.

IMPORTANT! If a white light appears in your design, then this indicates the presence of excessive attraction.

As for modern and scientific methods, this is the use of appropriate equipment - an anemometer. It is used by specialists to obtain information about measuring chimney draft. It is accessible to any desired user.

How to improve oven draft

If you have checked the presence of reverse draft and found out the reason, the next step is to begin troubleshooting the problem. How to increase draft in a furnace? Naturally, the measures taken will be as diverse as the sources of defects.

If the smoke passage is clogged, it will certainly need to be cleaned. All released substances that have accumulated over time must be eliminated. Carbon deposits can eliminate burning of aspen logs. They do a great job of reaching the maximum temperature, which is what this method needs. To carry out preventive maintenance and improve the condition of the pipes, it is advisable to add rock salt at the moment the firebox is burning. In addition to folk remedies, there are also chemical ones that are specifically designed for this.
Dismantling will be required if the device is not constructed correctly.
Avoid drafts.
Installation of additional devices.

How to significantly improve chimney draft - from cleaning to fan

The most important parameter in the operation of a chimney system is draft. Everyone knows that it is very important for the operation of a furnace or boiler, but few people know - what is draft? This parameter determines the speed and volume of movement of flue gases through the chimney. It is necessary to remove gases and supply oxygen to support the combustion process. The phenomenon of draft itself occurs due to the different densities of cold and hot air. Hot is less dense and is accordingly replaced by cold. This is how hot flows move from bottom to top.

Traction efficiency can depend on several parameters:

Internal section of the chimney. The smaller its diameter, the faster the rate of release of hot gases. But when they reach a certain minimum size, they will begin to get inside the room. If the pipe is too large, then the flow of cold air can form the so-called reverse draft.
The amount of soot deposited on the walls of the chimney. It can significantly reduce the useful diameter of the pipe, which will lead to a loss of traction speed.
Number of turns in the chimney. Each turn or bend is an additional obstacle to the passage of smoke.
System tightness. If there are cracks in the structure, cold air can enter the system through them, forming a cold curtain and preventing the passage of smoke.
Weather. Low atmospheric pressure and high humidity reduce the rate of replacement of hot air with cold air in a heating device.

Failure to comply with the above conditions is often the cause of poor traction. But how can this indicator be determined without special instruments and devices?

Determining traction yourself

If the efficiency of the furnace (boiler) has noticeably deteriorated, then there are several ways to check the draft. You can use a special device - an anemometer, but in most cases purchasing it for home use is not economically efficient. It is best to resort to proven folk methods:

Candle. If you light a candle, bring it to the chimney and immediately extinguish it, then in the direction of movement of the smoke you can see whether there is a draft.
The degree of smoke in the room.
Thin leaf. The degree of its deviation may indicate the presence of traction.

Once the problem has been identified, you can begin to solve it.

Ways to improve traction

There are several ways to improve your cravings, and each of them is effective in its own way. But before you start implementing one of them, you should do a number of preventive procedures with the chimney structure itself:

Cleaning from soot (read about it here). To do this, use a special set consisting of a ruff, a sinker and a steel rope.

To do this, you need to go up to the roof and lower the brush along the entire length of the chimney into the outlet part of the chimney. Next, begin to clean the walls of the chimney using progressive movements. At the same time, layers of soot will begin to fall into the furnace, which are then removed.

Complete sealing of the chimney . Using one of the methods described above, it is necessary to check the structure for the absence of cracks or holes. This problem is typical for brick chimneys, when partial destruction of the masonry occurs during operation.

If after these measures the craving does not improve, then you need to resort to more radical methods.

Traction regulator

This device is installed on the chimney outlet.

After preliminary adjustment, it compensates the pressure in the pipe with the external pressure. In this case, not only does the operation of the heating device normalize, but also the thrust speed is the same, regardless of external weather conditions.

This additional structural element is also placed on the outer part of the chimney.

Its outer diameter is much larger than the cross-section of the chimney itself. This is necessary for the effect of a pressure drop to occur when air flows around an obstacle. Those. when the deflector structure is flown around by an air flow, a low-pressure area is created inside it, which contributes to the creation of conditions for better thrust speed.

Chimney weather vane

An original design that can not only improve draft, but also protect the chimney from precipitation.

Its operation is based on the principle of a deflector and the exhaust of flue gases only on the leeward side. This allows you to reduce external air resistance and thereby normalize the thrust speed.

Smoke fan

One of the most effective methods is to install a special fan on the chimney.

Inside this structure there is a ventilation system that creates an artificial air flow in the chimney. It creates a rarefied air area inside the chimney, thereby improving the conditions for good draft. But to install it, you will need to connect an electrical line, which is not very convenient, since it will be necessary to comply with all safety regulations.

As can be seen from all of the above, it is possible to improve draft in a chimney, and this can be done effectively and quickly. But to choose the optimal method, it is best to take the advice of professionals who will carefully analyze the condition of the chimney.

We install a chimney for a potbelly stove

Do-it-yourself installation work should begin with choosing the place where the outer and inner elements of the furnace should be connected. An attic or roof space is perfect for this purpose. The first element of the future chimney is installed on the potbelly stove itself, on which the second, third, and so on are then placed (depending on how many sections the chimney will include).

The chimney pipe must be extended until it reaches the previously determined location at the junction of the two elements.

You need to make a hole in the ceiling, the diameter of which will be 5-10 cm larger than the diameter of the pipe: this will be required in order to cover the pipe where it passes through the ceiling with heat-insulating material. If there are insulating materials or other easily flammable objects in the cracks between the ceilings or near the pipe, they must be removed: when the pipe is heated by smoke and its temperature rises, the risk of fire of the insulating material will also increase.

A passage glass is inserted into the cut hole in the ceiling, through which the chimney pipe must be passed. Then you need to connect the pipe coming from inside the room to the outside of the chimney. The chimney should end above the roof level, approximately 10 cm above it. The place in which the hole for the pipe outlet will be cut is equipped according to the same principle as the place where the pipe exits inside the building:

the hole must be larger than the chimney pipe itself;
A layer of heat-insulating material must be placed between the roofing materials and the pipe.

Fixing the pipe

The smoke exhaust pipe is passed through a hole in the roof and fixed with a sheet of tin or other metal. As an alternative to tin, you can use another non-flammable fixative - bricks, which are installed in the gap between the chimney and the roof. However, in order for the bricks to hold the pipe tightly, a stand needs to be built for them from the inside. All cracks in this place are covered with ordinary clay.

The entire outer part of the pipe is thoroughly lubricated with bitumen resin and then wrapped in thermal insulation material. You can use mineral wool, but in the space between the pipe and the end of the chimney there should be a “saucer” that will protect the material from possible ingress of hot ash particles.

Sealing seams

After the entire structure is assembled, you need to take the sealant and, sparingly, lubricate all joints and seams to prevent smoke from entering the living room from the chimney. The sealant for these purposes must be selected with special attention - only one that is not afraid of high temperatures is suitable.

Unfortunately, some sealants will simply “melt” on a hot pipe, while others will dry out easily. One way or another, a sealant that is unstable to high temperatures will lose its properties and will not be able to protect the room from smoke.

After the sealant has dried, the chimney for a home potbelly stove can be considered ready for use. However, first you need to check it by flooding the stove - if smoke does not come out of the cracks or joints, this means that the structure is assembled correctly and you can safely use it!

Tags: potbelly stove, damper, make, pipe

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