How to bend pipes for a warm water floor

Types of pipes for heated floors

The service life and strength of the entire structure is directly related to which pipes to use for the heated floor. Currently choose from:

Metal pipes for heated floors

The use of steel products made by welding is excluded. For floor heating devices, copper and corrugated stainless steel are the best options. The only drawback that metal pipes have is their considerable cost. High technical performance and a protective polymer coating make them an excellent option for underfloor heating. Advantages:

• conduct heat well, providing maximum heat transfer.
• allow you to create small radius bends due to plasticity;
• Rust resistant and durable;
• not affected by aggressive cement screed or temperature changes.

Diameter of pipes for heated floors

The degree of heating and the durability of the heating system depend on the correct calculation of the pipe size for a heated floor. The diameter is selected depending on the material from which the products are made:

1. Metal-plastic has high heat transfer, so a diameter of 16 mm is optimal. It should be taken into account that aluminum and polyethylene have different degrees of expansion, which may affect the service life of the product.
2. The lower heat transfer of polypropylene and difficulties with bending the desired radius require the use of a diameter of 20 mm. Polyethylene pipes have a smaller bending radius and are therefore more preferable.
3. Copper has the highest heat transfer. Pipes for heated floors with a small diameter of 14-16 mm are made from this material.
4. Corrugated stainless steel, due to its high characteristics, allows the use of a diameter of 16 mm to heat a room of any size.

Insulation for underfloor heating pipes

Before choosing a heat-insulating system, you need to understand the features of its assembly, disadvantages and advantages. The insulating layer directly influences the choice of pipe for a heated floor, since it evenly distributes heat and prevents its leakage, serves as a heat shield and reduces energy losses of the entire system. There are many insulation options on the modern market:

1. Thermal insulating boards
   . Used for floor insulation in rooms of standard height. Products have different standard sizes. They have high strength and the ability to withstand high mechanical loads. Some types are recommended to be combined with decking structures made of wooden logs.

How to lay a pipe for a heated floor?

The performance of the heating system depends on the layout of the pipes for the heated floor, the installation of circuit turns and the degree of heat transfer. Describing how to properly lay a pipe for a heated floor, we note that in practice two methods are used:

The use of polystyrene foam boards and subsequent laying of warm water floor pipes on mats saves installation time and does not require additional waiting for the coating to dry. The dry laying method involves the use of slabs of standard size 100x30x3 cm with special slats for ease of laying the pipeline pitch. The structure is fixed on top with gypsum fiber sheets.

Which pipe laying is best for underfloor heating?

The performance of the heating system depends on the layout and pitch of the pipeline. The following scheme options are suitable for this:

1. Snail
   . The supply and return pipes are placed parallel to each other, starting from the perimeter and moving towards the center, where the supply line forms a loop. This method works well for installing stainless steel pipes for heated floors.

How to bend pipes for a warm water floor

Home / House construction / Floor / How to bend pipes for a warm water floor

The first request of almost every client with whom I deal or have done business is a request to “save money.” I always ask the same question: “What do you want to save on: quantity, quality, or both?” I decided to write this short article to tell and clearly show what savings sometimes lead to. In it you will learn what you can save on and what you cannot. I will show you all the examples on one object. The client saved $1,000 by refusing my services and hiring other craftsmen. And these are the mistakes he made when installing heated floors.

The object is a one-story house with a heated floor area of ​​280 square meters. For the installation of a concrete water-heated floor system, material was purchased and brought from Europe. Namely: 50 mm thick polystyrene, reflective film with markings, damper tape, pipe and distributors with mixing modules. Polystyrene 30 mm thick was purchased locally.

Let's look at the mounted material in order and see the errors made during installation.

Installation of a heated floor pie begins with preparing the base in the form of a rough screed, walls to a height of 200 mm from the floor and the corners where the walls and rough screed meet.

Afterwards, installation of the damper tape begins. It is mounted around the perimeter of all walls where the installation of a concrete heated floor is provided and secured with screws, umbrellas, or using tape with an adhesive layer. That is why the junction of the wall and the rough screed must be smooth, and the walls must be plastered once. At the same time, the strip fits tightly to the wall, and when pouring the finishing screed, there are no empty pockets left.

The photo shows that there was a mistake in installing the heated floor - the tape was not secured and was installed anyhow. At the same time, everyone hopes that the screed pourers will do everything carefully. Hoping that someone else will do the work for you is a major mistake.

And in this photo you can see how to properly attach the damper tape.

After installing the damper tape, polystyrene is mounted, which is used to press the bottom of the damper tape.

Polystyrene is quite dense and cannot compensate for unevenness on the rough screed caused by residues of the plaster mixture and other solutions. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully knock down all the irregularities and sweep away all debris and dust. It is also recommended to use industrial vacuum cleaners for this.

When I was at this site, the rough screed was relatively clean. And when walking on polystyrene, I did not feel that the slabs were lying unevenly or swaying. Thus, we can conclude that the foundation was prepared well. Although I cannot say this, since I did not see the base before installing the polystyrene.

Thus, 30 mm thick polystyrene was first installed, and 50 mm thick polystyrene was installed on top. A total of 80 mm of polystyrene was obtained. At the same time, manufacturers recommend a thickness of 100 mm on the first floors. But since our climate is not very cold, a thickness of 80 mm is enough for us. But pay attention. This is where they often make the mistake of installing heated floors, saving on thermal insulation.

After polystyrene, a special reflective film with 50 mm markings was installed. Gorgeous film, but not editing. This film must be mounted evenly and tucked behind the polystyrene. In this case, the polystyrene should be pressed tightly against the walls through the damper tape. Otherwise, you won’t be able to refill the film for him, as can be seen in our case. That is another mistake in installing a heated floor.

The film was simply cut along the border of the polystyrene. The polystyrene may lie flat, but not tightly. Consequently, the film lies haphazardly, and is also taped crookedly. Although this is not recommended, since the tape is intended for packaging and is harmful to humans.

And in this photo you can see that the film is tucked behind the polystyrene, which is laid tightly. No tape was used.

After installing the film, a reinforcing mesh is installed, but in our case it was decided to install it on top of the pipes before pouring the screed, since the film has markings for easy installation of pipes. That is, there is no error in installing a heated floor.

After the film, the pipe is installed. When talking with the client, I gave him all the necessary recommendations on the height and installation of the pie, on the number and location of contours. But we must understand that the client will never be able to convey my experience to the coven on which he decided to save money. Thus, now we will see the most terrible installation of pipes using film with markings and consider why it all turned out so scary.

When installing pipes for a warm water floor, I use 16 mm pipes. Fortunately, in this case, the client listened to my opinion and did not buy a 20 mm pipe, since such a pipe is more difficult to work with and the volume of water almost doubles. Where are the savings here?

How pipes for heated floors are made

The strength of cross-linked polyethylene is explained by the special technology of its production, which creates a three-dimensional molecular network.

The following methods are used for this:

• Heating polyethylene together with peroxide (PEX-a).
• Exposure to moisture and implanted silam, together with a catalyst (PEX-c).
• Electron bombardment (PEX-c).
• Application of nitrogen (this option is used very rarely).

As a result, it is possible to impart to polyethylene such characteristics that make it one of the most suitable materials for the manufacture of water-heated floor pipes.

Advantages and disadvantages of cross-linked polyethylene

Pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene for heated floors have a number of advantages:

1. Elasticity . This allows you to use the most optimal level of bending when laying, without the risk of subsequent cracking and fractures. Rehau products are considered to be especially high quality in this regard.
2. Environmental friendliness . Cross-linked polyethylene contains no harmful components that would be released during heating. This guarantees safety in laying heated floors inside residential premises.
3. High combustion temperature . The material begins to melt only after reaching a temperature of +400 degrees. As a result of the breakdown of the substance, water and carbon dioxide are formed, which are completely non-toxic.
4. Excellent performance characteristics . The system, made of cross-linked polyethylene, is not afraid of rotting, corrosion and chemical influences. All this is the key to long-term and flawless operation of the water heated floor.
5. Frost resistance . In the event of a significant drop in temperature, polyethylene products are not deformed.
6. Sound absorption abilities . Thanks to this, there is no noise from the coolant circulating inside the circuit.

As for the weaknesses of polyethylene, they usually indicate the need for competent installation work. For example, it is recommended to securely fix turning areas, because this material does not hold the curved configuration given to it very well. In addition, the resistance of polyethylene products to direct sunlight is not very good. Laying the contour must be done as carefully as possible, avoiding any damage to the protective layer.

Material characteristics

Products made from cross-linked polyethylene are designated PEX. The letters “PE” indicate that the product is made of polyethylene. The letter "x" indicates that the material is cross-linked. The raw material for PEX is ordinary polyethylene, which has a longitudinal molecular structure. The molecules are large in size and have many free branches, so the material is soft, unstable to mechanical stress and high temperature.

Cross-linking is the transformation of raw materials under high temperature or pressure, resulting in a new polymer. It has a mesh longitudinal and transverse structure. It is caused by the presence of chains of hydrogen atoms that unite molecules into a three-dimensional network.

The cross-linked polyethylene material is durable and resistant to external influences. It is used in the manufacture of products for the chemical, pharmacological, and construction industries. Its popularity is explained by its unique characteristics:

• increased density and strength, but these features do not prevent PEX from being elastic; pipes for underfloor heating made of cross-linked polyethylene can withstand pressures of more than 10 bar; normal coolant pressure in the line is 4 bar; the material withstands sudden changes in pressure well and does not deform during water hammer;
• resistance to high temperatures;
• PEX can withstand high temperatures; becomes soft at 150 0C, melts at 200 0C; in a liquid underfloor heating system, the coolant temperature is 80-90 0C; the pipeline made of cross-linked polyethylene does not deform and cracks do not form on the surface of the pipeline; PEX products are not used for steam heating; steam is pumped into the system under high pressure and has a temperature of up to 150 0C;
• the material does not react with coolant chemicals, if it is propylene glycol or antifreeze, and is not destroyed by construction solutions;
• mold and mildew do not form on the surface of the products, which indicates resistance to biological flora;
• PEX does not oxidize; rust does not form on the pipe walls;
• modified polyethylene has “shape memory”; when expanding or contracting, the product always tends to take its original shape; this characteristic is used when installing water supply systems; When connecting sections of the highway, no seams are formed.

We recommend: How to lay a heated floor on the ground?

When PE products are heated to 150 0C, they can change shape and hold it for a long time after the material has cooled. When reheated, the products return to their original state. If for some reason the pipe overheats and becomes deformed, then it is heated to a high temperature. Cooling is done naturally. The product will return to its original shape. The material will not change its characteristics.

The disadvantages of products made from cross-linked polyethylene include instability to UV rays. To avoid destruction of the material, the pipes are treated with dye. It is not recommended to place products in direct sunlight.

Which pipes for heated floors are better?

When deciding on pipes for a water heating circuit, it is recommended to pay attention to Rehau products.

This manufacturer produces several brands of pipes for underfloor heating made of cross-linked polyethylene:

• Rautitan stabil with a diameter of 16–40 mm. The walls of these products have a three-layer structure. Cross-linked polyethylene PEX-s is used as the inner layer, with a cross-linking degree of 60%. Next comes aluminum foil, which resists the penetration of oxygen. PE polyethylene sheets are used for external decoration. Pipes of this type are designed for operating temperatures up to +90 degrees, at a pressure of no more than 10 bar.
• Rautitan flex with a diameter of 16–63 mm. They are made from innovative polyethylene type PEX-a with a degree of cross-linking of 70%, for the production of which peroxide technology is used. The outer coating here is ethyl vinyl alcohol, which is completely airtight. Rautitan flex pipes have good elasticity, which makes it possible to organize heated floors of complex configurations.
• Rautitan pink . The characteristics of these products are basically the same as those of the previous variety. The good elasticity of Rautitan pink pipes allows them to maintain performance during bending. Recommended conditions of use: temperature – up to +95 degrees, pressure – up to 9 bar.

The selection of Rehau pipes for organizing heated floors is carried out in the diameter range of 12-32 mm: this allows you to do without installing a very thick and heavy screed. The same applies to products from other companies.

Which pipes are best suited for water heated floors?

A copper pipe for underfloor heating is the best option. However, the problems associated with their installation (the labor-intensive process) and the high cost of copper pipelines put an end to organizing a heating system for people on a limited budget.

You can bend a copper pipe using a special tool - a pipe bender.

Metal-plastic pipes are the “golden mean” between price and quality. Pipelines of this type have excellent performance characteristics: they withstand high temperatures well, last a long time, and are easy to bend and install. Interesting fact: Europeans prefer plastic pipelines without an aluminum layer.

Installation diagram for heated floors made of metal-plastic pipes

Plastic pipes are the cheapest structures, which in terms of technical characteristics are significantly inferior to copper and metal-plastic ones. Therefore, it is better to choose them for a summer house or a small private house.

Recommendations for use

One of the most attractive strengths of cross-linked polyethylene is its resistance to chemical influences. A pipe made of this material will not suffer any damage if solvent, toluene or chlorinated hydrocarbon gets on its surface. Various detergent additives, antifreezes, anti-corrosion liquids, etc. are also not harmful to polyethylene products.

However, these pipes still need to be protected from certain substances. We are talking primarily about various organic products - oils, fats, waxes. They, as a rule, provoke deterioration in performance due to the swelling of cross-linked polyethylene. You need to be especially careful when organizing heated floors in various workshops, since products made from this material do not tolerate halogens and nitric acid well.

Fittings for pipe laying

Rehau offers slip-on couplings and fittings that ensure high reliability of the connection of cross-linked polyethylene pipes. During installation, the pipe is first equipped with a sliding coupling. Next, a special expander comes into play, capable of expanding the internal diameter of the product to the desired value. This operation will require several steps. Next, a fitting of a suitable diameter is fixed, followed by sliding the sleeve onto it. Such compounds are distinguished by a very high degree of resistance to most aggressive influences (including high pressure and heat).

XLPE pipes

This category is highly resistant to thermal influences, which allows for more intense heating of the room. Polyethylene structures are manufactured under high pressure. This manufacturing technology not only increases strength, but also allows the production of structures with different densities. The most stable and efficient firmware density is 55–80%. Note that the higher the density, the more the polyethylene pipe will cost.

Structure of cross-linked polyethylene pipe

Processing methods:

• Silane gas. The technology allows you to create structures with a density of up to 65%;
• Peroxide (density 75%);
• Magnetic irradiation (maximum firmware density is 60%).

Diagram of fittings for polyethylene pipes

Polyethylene structures are sealed using special fittings. A ring is put on the end of the hose, then its diameter is expanded and the fitting is inserted inside. After this, the connection is clamped with a mounting ring.

Laying scheme

To carry out installation work correctly, during the development of the project, a clear diagram of exactly how the pipes will be located is drawn up. The most popular laying patterns are single or double snake, as well as spiral.

It is important to follow the parameters recommended by experts:

• The average length of the heating water circuit is recommended within 40-60 m. In any case, making a pipeline longer than 120 m is not effective.
• The minimum pipe laying pitch is 10 cm, the maximum is 35 cm. If the room has a complex shape, or when it is necessary to increase the heating level, it is possible to use different distances between individual turns of the circuit. Reducing the laying step is allowed near external walls or the entrance door.
• To lay the damper tape, a distance of 20-30 cm is made from the walls around the perimeter.

Before purchasing polyethylene pipes for heated floors, the first thing you need to do is determine the total length of the circuit.

What tools are needed

To install a water heated cross-linked polyethylene floor with your own hands, you need to acquire some tools (they can be rented to avoid unnecessary financial expenses).

The Rehau company offers Rautool brand equipment for its products:

1. Special scissors for cutting polyethylene pipes.
2. Expander and nozzles of different diameters.
3. Hand press. It is used for crimping of sliding sleeves that have special pins and attachments for fastening. The sliding elements have standard diameters.
4. Springs used to bend Rautitan Stabil pipes. They are usually purchased separately.

Construction of polyethylene pipe

Reinforcement

Almost all cross-linked polyethylene pipes have a complex multilayer structure.

In order to increase the strength characteristics of the pipeline and reduce the linear expansion of the material, the polyethylene product must have a reinforced layer.

It could be:

• polypropylene;
• fiberglass;
• aluminium foil;
• perforated aluminum;
• solid aluminum sheet.

The reinforced layer is able to neutralize sudden pressure changes inside the PE-S pipe when used in a hot water or heating system.

The design of cross-linked polyethylene products provides for the presence of a reinforced layer both on the surface of the product and at various depths. If it is necessary to solder two or more pipes, the reinforcing layer is stripped to 1 cm.

Pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene for underfloor heating are practically not reinforced. This material is also called “pure”.

Oxygen barrier

The manufacturer also calls it a “diffusion barrier” or “anti-diffusion protection.” This layer is mandatory for all types of cross-linked polyethylene products.

The reason for its appearance in HDPE pipes is the ability of oxygen molecules to penetrate into the material through a three-dimensional lattice, as a result of which cross-linked polyethylene is slowly but surely destroyed.

The diffusion barrier can also be either inside or outside the pipe.

Features of installation of water heated floors

Before laying the contour, all dirt must be thoroughly removed from the subfloor. If there are differences in height, they must be leveled. If the defects are serious, it is often necessary to lay a rough screed. Insulation with a special reflector is laid on the finished base, preventing heat loss towards the ceiling. Next, a layer of waterproofing film and reinforcing mesh with fixing clamps is laid. As an alternative solution, polystyrene mats with indentations are often used.

Installation of heated floors made of cross-linked polyethylene is carried out according to a previously drawn up diagram. The above-mentioned fittings are used to connect individual sections. The finished system is connected to the collector and tested for operability. At this stage it is important to detect and repair any leaks, because After pouring the finishing screed, this will be much more difficult.

The warming surface of tiles or laminate on cold winter days is reminiscent of the warmth of warm pebbles or sea sand heated in the summer by the hot rays of the sun. Cross-linked polyethylene for underfloor heating is deservedly considered the optimal material for heating pipes. Heating from below creates a comfortable heating temperature for the floor covering up to + 25 degrees. Warm air, rising from below, evenly warms the air in the room and creates an atmosphere of body and comfort.

Selection of pipes for heated floors

The water underfloor heating system is heated by a coolant - antifreeze, which fills polyethylene pipes hidden in the floor. The durability of a heated floor depends on the quality of pipe communications. To do this, it is recommended to get acquainted with the most popular materials for laying water heating, find out their positive and negative sides.

In heated floors, the following is used to supply heated water:

• Copper. It does not rust, withstands temperature changes, and under normal operating conditions, the service life of a heated floor is up to 50 years. The main disadvantage is the high price and the requirement for special equipment in the form of press fittings for connection.
• Metal-plastic. The popularity of pipe linings made of metal-plastic is mainly due to the price-quality ratio: service life similar to copper, low price, the possibility of self-installation, preservation of a given configuration, high sound insulation, low weight, environmental friendliness and safety. This set of characteristics contributed to the popularity of metal-plastic as a material for underfloor heating. The disadvantage is that the fitting connections are unreliable and if there is even the slightest gap between the outer and inner diameters of the connected products, then there is a risk of pipeline leakage. And if you consider that the pipe is “walled up” with a concrete screed, then to eliminate the leak you will have to open the entire floor.
• Polypropylene. Positive aspects: low price of the material, service life is 25 years, monolithic piping due to soldering, environmental friendliness. Disadvantages - difficulty in assembly, which arises due to the large bending of polypropylene 8 - 10 times the radius. Another drawback is the limitation on coolant temperature to 95 degrees.
• Cross-linked polyethylene. A warm floor made of cross-linked polyethylene meets all the basic requirements of an underfloor water heating system. These include: coolant stability up to 120 degrees Celsius, small (up to 5%) bending radius, resistance to mechanical stress, high performance under temperature changes, preservation of its original shape, environmental safety. The only drawback of cross-linked polyethylene for heated floors: to maintain the given shape of the pipe, it is necessary to install many fasteners

Table of estimated prices for pipes for installation of heated floors

The table presented clearly shows the difference in the cost of pipes for installing heated floors. The best ratio of price and combination of the best technical characteristics belongs to the leader of pipe products - cross-linked polyethylene pipe.

Propylene

Welding polypropylene.

– Low price of the material. – Compared to metal welding, the process is relatively fast.

– Installation time. A labor-intensive and time-consuming process compared to other modern technologies. Since it is necessary to clean and degrease the connecting parts of the pipeline. - Hidden defects. If foreign bodies get into the elements being welded, the weld may leak. The same thing happens when the elements being welded are overheated or underheated.

Sometimes non-professionals, when connecting welded elements, narrow the diameter or completely block the passage in the pipe. Often, poor-quality welding appears after a few years. - Many connections. Since the pipe cannot bend and turns have to be made using connecting elements, which can subsequently leak if installed poorly.

Polypropylene pipes, pros and cons.

Polypropylene pipes are used to create hot and cold water supply and heating systems. Good technical properties and characteristics of polypropylene pipes, as well as low cost, helped this product become a sales leader in the domestic market.

– low cost. The pipes themselves are currently almost equal in price to metal-plastic ones, but the fittings (connecting elements) are several times cheaper, which greatly affects the final cost of the system. - long service life. The service life of such pipes depends on the pressure and temperature of the water, as well as the raw materials; according to the manufacturer, the service life reaches fifty years.

But it all depends on the manufacturer and the raw materials it uses - resistance to deposits and corrosion. If all technological requirements are met, various deposits do not form on the surface of the pipes, which is in direct contact with water, and corrosion does not occur, and the internal diameter of the pipe does not decrease over time;

- they are afraid of fire. Unlike metal pipes, they can melt; - low heat transfer. But this drawback applies only to the system (warm floor) made from these pipes. In the heating system, it is not taken into account and is rather an advantage since the main heat transfer will be from heating radiators - the main disadvantages of polypropylene pipes relate to the quality of installation.

We suggest you familiarize yourself with Tile Grout Remover

– the manufacturer does not recommend installing polypropylene pipes on central heating. Since polypropylene pipes have an operating temperature of 80°C. The short-term maximum temperature that this type of pipe can withstand is 95°C; accordingly, the service life will be much shorter.

DIY installation of heated floors

The technology and step-by-step work plans are set out in the manuals provided by material manufacturers. Following the instructions, even a beginner can install a warm floor made of cross-linked polyethylene with his own hands. Before you take up the tools, you need to study the structure of the system and the sequence of work stages.

Preparation

The preparatory stage of creating a heated floor consists of several stages:

• Select the diameter of cross-linked polyethylene pipes.
• Calculate the required length of the water heating circuit.
• Draw up a diagram for laying pipe structures.
• Preparation of the base - substrate.
• Laying a heat-reflecting screen and waterproofing film.
• Pipeline assembly.
• Hydraulic check of the installed heating system.
• Installation of cement-sand screed.
• Creation of finishing floor covering.
• Commissioning.

Before starting work, you need to take into account that the weight of the structural “pie” of heated floors averages from 300 to 350 kg/m2 and increases the load on the floor.

Pipe laying schemes

Laying of pipes for heated floors made of cross-linked polyethylene is carried out according to the following schemes:

1. Single serpentine (“snake”).
2. Double serpentine.
3. Spiral counterflow (“snail”).

Manufacturers

The leading manufacturers of cross-linked polyethylene pipes are Germany, the Czech Republic, and Italy. Specialists are working to improve the characteristics of the material. For underfloor heating, purchase products from the following brands:

• "Rehau", Germany; the company offers not only pipes for the heating system, but also other components for underfloor heating equipment; contour insulation, substrates, insulating materials, mains fastening elements;
• Valtec, Italy; the brand is known not only in Western Europe, but also in many countries around the world; the manufacturer offers models for electric underfloor heating;
• "FV-Plast", Czech Republic; the manufacturer produces not only cross-linked polyethylene pipes, but also cable heating systems;
• "Polytek", Russia; the company offers plastic water pipes and fittings for arranging all the necessary communication systems for the home.

We recommend: What are the advantages of a heated metal-plastic floor?

Cross-linked polyethylene is used in many industries. PEX pipes are well suited for underfloor heating systems. The highway is laid under a deep concrete screed. Polyethylene is used for liquid heating based on hot water or antifreeze. For a closed floor heating system, PEX with propylene glycol is used.

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Screed over cross-linked polyethylene

At the last stage of assembling the floor water system, cross-linked polyethylene is poured with a cement screed made from cement-sand mortar using M 300 cement. To protect the coolant pipes, the minimum thickness of the cement layer laid on top of the pipes is 30 mm. This distance is quite enough for uniform distribution of heat from the coolant circulation.

Concrete screed

Concrete mortar should be laid in accordance with the technical requirements for screed thickness:

1. The minimum layer of concrete mortar is from 30 to 50 mm. This thickness is quite enough for maximum heating.
2. The maximum thickness of the screed should not exceed 70 mm. The design of a heated floor of such thickness will allow the base to quickly heat up and cool down effectively.
3. Too large a layer negatively affects the load-bearing capacity of the floor and interferes with uniform heating.

When pouring concrete screed into rooms with an area of ​​more than 30 m3, it is necessary to install separation expansion joints. This protective measure eliminates the formation of shrinkage deformations in the form of cracks.